Nowadays it is impossible to even imagine comfort life and business without electricity, and powering became something banal, since every object both ready to use or being built needs electric power in industrial, or non- industrial scale. In fact, our world became so developed and overfilled by terabytes of all sorts of data that is being transferred with continuously increasing speed, and stored with increasing capabilities. This means that electronic systems are needed to control powering of all this devices, and also including power control systems will simplify control and will make it cheaper.
Powering Systems
Powering system mounting can be described as several stages. Usually powering of completed building starts from electrical substation, that powers the entire structure, it can be transformer assembly also. Then “Mosenergo” or other provider lays power cables to the building, and mounts switchgear, and main console of emergency lightning system.
Everything is located in board room.
The board room must meet the requirements of fire fighting services, “Mosenergo” and other institutions that controls this branch.
The next stage is main distribution board, that distributes electricity for the floors of building, it is located in the same board room, nearby switchgear, and contains all the switching and safety automation.
Then on each floor installed at least two distribution boards, containing switchgear and automatics, one distributes electricity of industrial standard (380Volts) and non-industrial standard (220Vols) for local electrical outlets, and the other is responsible for lightning and emergency lightning systems. Emergency and usual lightning distribution boards can be combined into one board. It is important to notice that according to fire fighting requirements emergency lightning distribution board must be fed from independent electric line, directly from main emergency lightning console.
And the last link of this chain is electric outlet network, distributed into groups, and lightning network, also grouped.
Every building has such system. Then according to local requirement, there may be added emergency distribution board, independent or redundant emergency feeding line, or uninterrupted powering systems.
Automatic redundancy system requires two independent feeding lines, one is main line, the other is redundant. As usual main line goes from the local electrical network (transformer assembly, or substation) and redundant cable goes from local diesel generator. In case of voltage fall lower then minimum system automatically starts diesel generator, and switches from main cable to redundant, and while the voltage on main cable is restored system switches back, and generator stops.
Uninterrupted powering system contains feeding cable and uninterrupted power supply (UPS). These modules are available for industrial equipment (380Volts) and for domestic equipment (220Volts) as well.
